The Famous 1938 Carnegie Hall Jazz Concert
Release Date: 1950-12-00
Country: US
Tracklist
- Don't Be That Way
- One O'Clock Jump
- Dixieland One-Step
- I'm Coming Virginia
- When Baby Smiles At Me
- Shine
- Blue Reverie
- Life Goes To A Party
- Honeysuckle Rose
- Body And Soul
- Avalon
- The Man I Love
- I Got Rhythm
- Blue Skies
- Loch Lomond
- Blue Room
- Swingtime In The Rockies
- Bei Mir Bist Du Schön
- China Boy
- Stompin' At The Savoy
- Dizzy Spells
- Sing Sing Sing
- Big John's Special
The Real Fats Waller
Release Date: 1959
Country: US
Tracklist
- The Sheik Of Araby (2:55)
- Carolina Shout (2:20)
- Oooh! Look-A There, Ain't She Pretty (2:34)
- B-Flat Blues (3:15)
- Ain't Misbehavin' (I'm Savin' My Love For You) (3:55)
- Everybody Loves My Baby (But My Baby Don't Love Nobody But Me) (2:58)
- I Believe In Miracles (2:54)
- Rosetta (2:58)
- (When You) Squeeze Me (3:09)
- Crazy 'Bout My Baby (2:52)
- Harlem Fuss (3:23)
Fats Waller
托马斯·“胖子”·沃勒(Thomas Wright “Fats” Waller,1904 年 5 月 21 日生于纽约哈莱姆,1943 年 12 月 15 日卒于堪萨斯城附近的列车上)是美国爵士钢琴家、管风琴家、作曲家和歌手,跨步钢琴(stride)风格最耀眼的代表人物之一。他是家中四个孩子中最小的一个,父亲 Edward Martin Waller 是浸信会牧师,母亲 Adaline Locket Waller 在教堂弹风琴。沃勒六岁开始学琴,少年时随跨步钢琴宗师 James P. Johnson 学习左手“跨步”技法,十五岁便在哈莱姆的林肯剧院担任管风琴手,为默片与杂耍节目伴奏。
1920 年代初他开始为 OKeh 等厂牌录制钢琴独奏,1926 年在芝加哥遭遇轰动一时的绑架事件——数日后他平安出现在一家餐馆,还完成了当天的演出。1929 年他为百老汇音乐剧《Hot Chocolates》写作,与词作者 Andy Razaf、作曲家 Harry Brooks 一起留下《Ain't Misbehavin'》,此后《Honeysuckle Rose》《Squeeze Me》《Black and Blue》《Keeping Out of Mischief Now》相继成为爵士标准曲;1942 年的《Jitterbug Waltz》则显示他对新和声与三拍子华尔兹的开放态度。
1934 年起,他以“Fats Waller and His Rhythm”的名义为 Victor(RCA)录制了数以百计的六人小组录音,把钢琴独奏、乐队摇摆与插科打诨的演唱合成一体,《Your Feet's Too Big》《The Joint Is Jumpin'》让他成为美国家喻户晓的娱乐人物。1938 年他访问欧洲,在伦敦留下一组《London Suite》独奏;他也出现在《Hooray for Love》(1935)、《King of Burlesque》(1936) 与《Stormy Weather》(1943) 等影片中。
1943 年 12 月 15 日,沃勒在从洛杉矶返回纽约的圣塔菲号列车上去世,年仅 39 岁。他的影响在此后持续扩大:钢琴语言的线索经由 Art Tatum、Count Basie 一路延伸到后世的主流爵士钢琴;1978 年以他的歌曲编排的同名音乐剧《Ain't Misbehavin'》获得托尼奖最佳音乐剧,他的录音也多次进入格莱美名人堂。

Jelly Roll Morton: 1926-1930
Release Date: 2000-09-12
Country: UK
Tracklist
- Black Bottom Stomp
- Smoke House Blues
- The Chant
- Sidewalk Blues
- Dead Man Blues
- Steamboat Stomp
- Someday Sweetheart
- Grandpa's Spells
- Original Jelly Roll Blues
- Doctor Jazz
- Cannonball Blues
- Hyena Stomp
- Billy Goat Stomp
- Wild Man Blues
- Jungle Blues
- Beale Street Blues
- The Pearls
- Wolverine Blues
- Mr. Jelly Lord
- Red Hot Pepper
- Deep Creek
- Pep
- Seattle Hunch
- Frances (Fat Frances)
- Freakish
- Burnin' The Iceberg
- Courthouse Bump
- Pretty Lil
- Sweet Aneta Mine
- New Orleans Bump (Monrovia)
- Down My Way
- Try Me Out
- Tank Town Bump
- Sweet Peter
- Jersey Joe
- Mississippi Mildred
- Mint Julep
- Smilin' The Blues Away
- Turtle Twist
- My Little Dixie Home
- That's Like It Ought To Be
- Each Day
- If Someone Would Only Love Me
- That'll Never Do
- I'm Looking For A Little Bluebird
- Little Lawrence
- Harmony Blues
- Fussy Mabel
- Ponchatrain
- Oil Well
- Load Of Coal (Load Of Cole)
- Crazy Chords
- Primrose Stomp
- Low Gravy
- Strokin' Away
- Blue Blood Blues
- Mushmouth Shuffle
- Gambling Jack
- Fickle Fay Creep
- The Chant
- Sidewalk Blues
- Dead Man Blues
- Someday Sweetheart
- Grandpa's Spells
- Original Jelly Roll Blues
- Cannonball Blues
- Hyena Stomp
- Billy Goat Stomp
- Wild Man Blues
- Jungle Blues
- Beale Street Blues
- The Pearls
- Wolverine Blues
- Georgia Swing
- Kansas City Stomps
- Shoe Shiner's Drag
- Boogaboo
- Shreveport
- Mournful Serenade
- Shreveport
- Seattle Hunch
- Freakish
- Burnin' The Iceberg
- Courthouse Bump
- Pretty Lil
- Sweet Aneta Mine
- New Orleans Bump (Monrovia)
- Tank Town Bump
- Sweet Peter
- Jersey Joe
- Mississippi Mildred
- Each Day
- Oil Well
- Load Of Coal (Load Of Cole)
- Crazy Chords
- Primrose Stomp
- Strokin' Away
- Blue Blood Blues
- Gambling Jack
King Porter Stomp
Release Date: 2000
Country: Germany
Tracklist
- That'll Never Do (2:56)
- I'm Looking For A Little Blue Bird (2:53)
- Each Day (2:56)
- If Someone Would Only Love Me (3:40)
- Little Lawrence (2:57)
- Ponchatrain (2:55)
- Harmony Blues (3:31)
- Fussy Mabel (3:18)
- Load Of The Coal (3:00)
- Oil Well (2:41)
- Smillin' The Blues Away (2:52)
- Blue Blood Blues (2:59)
- Mamie's Blues (2:38)
- King Porter Stomp (2:48)
- West End Blues (2:50)
- High Society (2:47)
- Ballin' The Jack (2:16)
Last Sessions (The Complete General Recordings)
Release Date: 1997
Country: US
Tracklist
- Sporting House Rag (Perfect Rag) (2:18)
- Original Rags (2:48)
- The Crave (3:04)
- The Naked Dance #2 (2:49)
- Mister Joe (2:49)
- King Porter Stomp (2:50)
- Winin' Boy Blues (2:55)
- Animule Dance (2:47)
- Buddy Bolden's Blues (I Thought I Heard Buddy Bolden Say) (2:46)
- The Naked Dance (2:50)
- Don't You Leave Me Here (2:51)
- Mamie's Blues (2:44)
- Michigan Water Blues (3:01)
- Sweet Subsitute (2:52)
- Panama (2:29)
- Good Old New York (2:44)
- Big Lip Blues (3:10)
- Why? (2:48)
- Get The Bucket (2:57)
- If You New (2:50)
- Shake It (2:49)
- Dirty, Dirty, Dirty (2:50)
- Swinging The Elks (2:50)
- Mama's Got A Baby (2:39)
- My Home Is In A Southern Town (2:45)
The Pearls
Release Date: 1988
Country: US
Tracklist
- Black Bottom Stomp (3:08)
- Smokehouse Blues (3:25)
- The Chant (3:12)
- Sidewalk Blues (3:31)
- Dead Man Blues (3:14)
- Steamboat Stomp (3:06)
- Grandpa's Spells (2:52)
- Original Jelly Roll Blues (2:57)
- Doctor Jazz (3:23)
- Cannon Ball Blues (2:50)
- The Pearls (3:24)
- Wolverine Blues (3:23)
- Mr. Jelly Lord (2:49)
- Georgia Swing (2:26)
- Kansas City Stomps (2:52)
- Mournful Serenade (3:25)
The Complete Library Of Congress Recordings By Alan Lomax
Release Date: 2005
Country: US
Tracklist
- The Story Of Alabama Bound (4:03)
- Time In Mobile (4:13)
- King Porter Stomp (4:06)
- The Story Of King Porter Stomp (3:53)
- Jelly Roll's Background (4:22)
- Music Lessons (4:05)
- Miserere (4:05)
- The Stomping Grounds (4:15)
- The Style Of Sammy Davis (4:17)
- Tony Jackson Was The Favorite / Dope, Crown, And Opium (4:00)
- Poor Alfred Wilson (4:02)
- Honky Tonk Blues (4:20)
- New Orleans Was A Free And Easy Place (4:06)
- The Story Of Aaron Harris, Pt. 1 (4:06)
- The Story Of Aaron Harris, Pt. 2 (4:05)
- Aaron Harris's Hoodoo Woman & The Hat That Started A Riot (4:10)
- The 1900 New Orleans Riot, Pt. 1 & The Song Of Robert Charles (4:04)
- The 1900 New Orleans Riot, Pt. 2 & Game Kid Blues, Pt. 1 (4:04)
- Game Kid Blues, Pt. 2 (3:57)
- New Orleans Funerals (4:17)
- Funeral Marches (4:11)
- Oh! Didn't He Ramble (4:07)
- Tiger Rag, 3rd, 4th And 5th Strains (4:02)
- Tiger Rag (4:02)
- The Right Tempo Is The Accurate Tempo (4:39)
- Jazz Discords & The Story Of Kansas City Stomp (4:31)
- Kansas City Stomp (4:34)
- Slow Swing & Sweet Jazz Music (4:32)
- Salty Dog (4:22)
- Hesitation Blues (4:30)
- My Gal Sal (3:51)
- The St. Louis Scene (4:09)
- Maple Leaf Rag (4:19)
- Jelly Roll Carves St. Louis, Pt. 1 (4:19)
- Jelly Roll Carves St. Louis, Pt. 2 (4:23)
- New Orleans Blues (3:58)
- Winin' Boy Blues, Pt. 1 (3:45)
- Winin' Boy Blues, Pt. 2 (4:24)
- The Anamule Dance, Pt. 1 (3:46)
- The Anamule Dance, Pt. 2 (4:19)
- The Great Buddy Bolden, Pt. 1 (4:11)
- The Great Buddy Bolden, Pt. 2 (4:11)
- Mr. Jelly Lord (4:09)
- How Jelly Roll Got His Name (4:14)
- Original Jelly Roll Blues (4:09)
- Honky Tonk Blues & Old-Time Honky Tonks (4:07)
- Real Tough Boys (4:31)
- Sporting Attire (4:33)
- Sweet Mamas And Sweet Papas (4:20)
- See See Rider (4:24)
- Parading With The Broadway Swells (4:22)
- Fights And Weapons (4:27)
- Luis Russell And New Orleans Riffs (4:25)
- Jelly's Travels: From Yazoo To Clarksdale (4:14)
- Jelly's Travels: From Clarksdale To Helena (4:34)
- Jelly's Travels: From Helena To Memphis (4:23)
- In Memphis: The Monarch Saloon & Benny Frenchy (4:24)
- Benny Frenchy's Tune (4:23)
- Make Me A Pallet On The Floor, Pt. 1 (4:15)
- Make Me A Pallet On The Floor, Pt. 2 (4:14)
- Make Me A Pallet On The Floor, Pt. 3 (4:14)
- Make Me A Pallet On The Floor, Pt. 4 (4:35)
- The Dirty Dozen (4:30)
- The Murder Ballad, Pt. 1 (4:01)
- The Murder Ballad, Pt. 2 (4:17)
- The Murder Ballad, Pt. 3 (4:27)
- The Murder Ballad, Pt. 4 (4:18)
- The Murder Ballad, Pt. 5 (4:12)
- The Murder Ballad, Pt. 6 (4:24)
- The Murder Ballad, Pt. 7 (4:30)
- Fickle Fay Creep (3:14)
- Jungle Blues (3:45)
- King Porter Stomp (2:55)
- Sweet Peter (3:04)
- Hyena Stomp (3:33)
- Wolverine Blues, Pt. 1 (3:45)
- Wolverine Blues, Pt. 2 (4:00)
- State And Madison (3:44)
- The Pearls, Pt. 1 (3:29)
- The Pearls, Pt. 2 (3:35)
- Bert Williams (3:41)
- Freakish (3:59)
- Pep (3:32)
- The Georgia Skin Game, Pt. 1 (3:54)
- The Georgia Skin Game, Pt. 2 (3:03)
- The Georgia Skin Game, Pt. 3 (3:19)
- Ungai Hai, The Sign Of The Indians (4:09)
- New Orleans Blues (4:07)
- The Spanish Tinge (4:13)
- Improving Spanish Tempos (4:06)
- Creepy Feeling (4:19)
- The Crave (4:31)
- Mamanita (4:07)
- If You Don't Shake, You Don't Get No Cake (4:21)
- Spanish Swat (4:12)
- Ain't Misbehavin' (4:12)
- I Hate A Man Like You / Rolling Stuff (4:11)
- Michigan Water Blues (3:52)
- Winin' Boy Blues, Pt. 1 (4:08)
- Winin' Boy Blues, Pt. 2 (4:15)
- Boogie Woogie Blues (4:21)
- Buddy Bertrand's Blues (4:25)
- When The Hot Stuff Came In (8:40)
- The First Hot Arrangements (9:02)
- The Pensacola Kid & The Cadillac Café (8:00)
- At The Cadillac Café, Los Angeles (9:56)
- Little Liza Jane (9:54)
- In The Publishing Business (8:50)
- Selections From The 1949 New Orleans Jazz Interviews
- Original Jelly Roll Blues (1:51)
- Jelly Roll's Early Playing Days (1:22)
- Hot Bands & Creole Tunes (4:29)
- Eh, La Bas (2:02)
- Old-Time Creole Musicians (3:32)
- Playing Hot With Buddy Bolden (3:17)
- High Society (2:15)
- Sporting Life Costumes (1:38)
- Buddy Bolden (2:23)
- Creoles Playing With Negroes (4:28)
- Jelly Roll's Compositions (3:22)
- Johnny St. Cyr Learns To Play Guitar (2:20)
- Guitar Blues (2:17)
- Bad Men And Pimps (3:38)
- The Story Of The Coon Blues (1:33)
- Coon Blues (2:22)
- Jazz Is Just A Make-Up (5:25)
- Young Sidney Bechet (3:40)
- The Main Idea In Jazz (3:23)
- A Little Tale Of Jelly Roll Morton (6:17)
Jelly Roll Morton
Jelly Roll Morton,本名 Ferdinand Joseph LaMothe(母亲再婚后改姓 Morton),1885 年 9 月 20 日出生于新奥尔良(一说 1890 年 10 月 20 日),1941 年 7 月 10 日在洛杉矶去世。他成长于新奥尔良的克里奥尔社区,幼年学过吉他,少年改学钢琴;十几岁起就在 Storyville 一带的酒吧、舞厅与妓院弹琴谋生,也在杂耍剧团和吟游歌舞班里做钢琴伴奏与喜剧演员,把拉格泰姆、布鲁斯、方丹戈与进行曲的节奏揉进自己的演奏。他后来反复宣称自己 1902 年“发明了爵士乐”,这句话引来无数争论,但他确实是最早把爵士乐当作书面作曲来经营的人之一。
1915 年,他的《Jelly Roll Blues》出版,常被称为最早印行的爵士乐谱之一;同期的《King Porter Stomp》《Wolverine Blues》《Grandpa's Spells》后来成为整个大乐队时代的通用曲目。1917 年后他离开南方,在洛杉矶、芝加哥之间流动,1923 年在印第安纳州里士满为 Gennett 公司录下第一批唱片(包括与 New Orleans Rhythm Kings 的合作),也开始为钢琴卷打孔录音。1924 年他带着乐队短暂进驻芝加哥,随后在 Victor 旗下组建自己的录音班子。
1926 至 1930 年是 Morton 的黄金时期。他以“Jelly Roll Morton's Red Hot Peppers”之名在芝加哥与纽约录制了数十面唱片,乐手包括长号手 Kid Ory、单簧管手 Omer Simeon 与 Barney Bigard、短号手 George Mitchell、鼓手 Baby Dodds、班卓琴手 Johnny St. Cyr。这些录音的特别之处在于结构:他把曲子拆成写定的合奏段、间奏和独奏位置,用乐队全体的“紧绷—松开”来组织即兴,而不是让乐手轮流独奏了事。《Black Bottom Stomp》《Dead Man Blues》《Doctor Jazz》《The Pearls》都是这一方法的样本,也被视为爵士编曲史的开端。
1938 年,民俗学家 Alan Lomax 在华盛顿的国会图书馆为 Morton 录下长达八小时以上的访谈与钢琴演奏。他一边弹一边讲述新奥尔良的游行乐队、妓院钢琴手、Buddy Bolden 的传说和自己早年的经历,这批录音后来以《The Complete Library of Congress Recordings》为名出版,是研究早期爵士乐最重要的第一手口述史料,也是他晚年最动人的音乐文献。1939 至 1940 年,他在纽约为 Commodore 录制了最后一批室内乐与独奏,即后来结集的《Last Sessions》。
Morton 晚年移居洛杉矶,经营过酒吧,健康恶化,1941 年去世,葬于洛杉矶 Calvary 公墓。他的音乐在他身后长期被低估,直到 1990 年代才重新被完整评估:1992 年百老汇音乐剧《Jelly's Last Jam》以他的生平为题材,1998 年他入选摇滚名人堂“早期影响”类别,其作品多次进入格莱美名人堂。Benny Goodman 1935 年录制的《King Porter Stomp》把 Morton 的曲子推成大乐队标准曲,而他对“作曲化的爵士”的坚持,直接影响了 Duke Ellington 之后的编曲传统。


New Year's At The Village Vanguard
Release Date: 1992
Country: US
Tracklist
- You Tell Me Your Dreams (7:19)
- Introductions (0:42)
- Canal Street Blues (7:01)
- Wild Man Blues (5:40)
- By And By (6:26)
- Weird Blues (8:20)
- St. Phillip Street Breakdown (4:34)
- Kiss Me Sweet (6:01)
- Tailgate Ramble (6:13)
- Petite Fleur (4:05)
- Lord, Lord, Lord (8:10)
Ken Burns Jazz (The Story Of America's Music)
Release Date: 2000-11-14
Country: US
Tracklist
- Star Dust (3:33)
- Soon One Mornin' (Death Come A-Creepin' In My Room) (3:12)
- Memphis Blues (2:36)
- Livery Stable Blues (3:05)
- Charleston (1:49)
- Chimes Blues (2:51)
- Back Water Blues (3:17)
- The Pearls (2:48)
- Dead Man Blues (3:13)
- Wild Cat Blues (2:59)
- Cake Walkin' Babies (From Home) (2:55)
- Sugar Foot Stomp (2:49)
- Heebie Jeebies (2:52)
- Potato Head Blues (2:55)
- West End Blues (3:18)
- The Mooche (3:13)
- East St. Louis Toodle-Oo (2:52)
- Black Beauty (3:01)
- Mood Indigo (2:56)
- There Ain't No Sweet Man (Worth The Salt Of My Tears) (3:29)
- Singin' The Blues (3:00)
- Riverboat Shuffle (3:08)
- Hotter Than 'Ell (2:51)
- I Got Rhythm (3:03)
- It Don't Mean A Thing (If It Ain't Got That Swing) (3:08)
- Echoes Of Harlem (2:59)
- Moten Swing (3:22)
- St. Louis Blues (3:00)
- Ain't Misbehavin' (3:11)
- For Dancers Only (2:36)
- King Porter Stomp (3:08)
- Rose Room (2:47)
- Sing, Sing, Sing (With A Swing) (8:37)
- Jumpin' At The Woodside (3:07)
- Sent For You Yesterday And Here You Come Today (2:55)
- Lester Leaps In (3:13)
- Oh, Lady, Be Good! (3:05)
- Without Your Love (2:51)
- Strange Fruit (3:10)
- God Bless The Child (2:53)
- Three Little Words (2:24)
- Rebecca (2:40)
- Harlem Congo (3:14)
- A-Tisket A-Tasket (2:36)
- Shine (2:55)
- Dear Old Southland (2:34)
- Body And Soul (3:00)
- Cotton Tail (3:10)
- Take The "A" Train (2:54)
- Begin The Beguine (3:13)
- In The Mood (3:33)
- Well, Git It! (3:00)
- Solitude (3:12)
- Drum Boogie (3:06)
- Salt Peanuts (3:12)
- Groovin' High (2:39)
- Ko-Ko (3:12)
- Scrapple From The Apple (2:56)
- Embraceable You (3:42)
- Get Happy (2:50)
- Epistrophy (3:05)
- Straight, No Chaser (2:55)
- Manteca (3:05)
- Moon Dreams (3:18)
- Just Friends (3:30)
- Rockin' Chair (3:03)
- They Can't Take That Away From Me (2:40)
- Walkin' Shoes (3:09)
- Fine And Mellow (8:00)
- Doodlin' (6:44)
- I Get A Kick Out Of You (7:40)
- St. Thomas (6:41)
- Django (7:02)
- Take Five (5:22)
- So What (9:22)
- Giant Steps (4:43)
- Rick Kick Shaw (6:03)
- Chronology (6:03)
- Original Faubus Fables (9:04)
- Acknowledgment [From A Love Supreme] (7:47)
- Hello, Dolly! (2:23)
- Desafinado (5:49)
- In A Sentimental Mood (4:14)
- Tourist Point Of View (5:07)
- E.S.P. (5:30)
- Spanish Key (Single Version) (2:49)
- Birdland (5:57)
- Mister Magic (9:02)
- Rockit (3:55)
- Un Ange En Danger (3:49)
- Tanya (7:24)
- Soon All Will Know (3:35)
- Death Letter (4:13)
- Take The "A" Train (5:34)
Bolden
Release Date: 2019-04-13
Country: US
Tracklist
- Timelessness (Buddy/Louie Duet) (3:15)
- Phantasmagoric Bordello Ballet (3:38)
Art Tatum
阿特·塔图姆 (Art Tatum, 1909–1956)
阿特·塔图姆被公认为爵士乐史上最伟大的钢琴家,也是音乐界公认的技巧巅峰。他的演奏不仅深刻影响了爵士乐,甚至让当时的古典钢琴大师如霍洛维茨(Horowitz)都为之惊叹。
1. 视力障碍与天才觉醒
-
身体挑战:塔图姆出生于俄亥俄州,自幼患有严重的白内障。尽管经历过多次手术,他的一只眼睛全盲,另一只眼睛仅有极其微弱的视力。
-
自学成才:他通过自学滚轴钢琴(Player Piano)的录音起步。由于他模仿的录音有些是两名钢琴家的“四手联弹”,他误以为那是一个人的演奏,于是练就了常人难以企及的、如同两双手在同时弹奏的惊人语速和复杂声部。
2. “上帝”降临纽约
-
震惊乐坛:1933 年,塔图姆来到纽约参加了一场传奇的“切琴”大赛(Stride Piano Competition)。他轻而易举地击败了当时的钢琴之王詹姆斯·P·约翰逊(James P. Johnson)和法茨·沃勒(Fats Waller)。
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至高评价:沃勒在当晚留下了一句传世名言:“今晚我只是个弹琴的,但‘上帝’就在这屋里。”从此,塔图姆在爵士圈得到了“上帝”的绰号。
3. 录音成就与三重奏
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技术革命:他最著名的作品《Tea for Two》展示了在 1930 年代极为罕见的复杂和声替换和极速装饰音。
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三重奏与独奏:40 年代他组建了极受欢迎的三重奏。他在去世前几年为诺曼·格兰兹(Norman Granz)录制了海量的个人独奏系列(The Solo Masterpieces),这些录音至今仍是爵士钢琴的百科全书。
4. 逝世与遗产
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1956 年,塔图姆因尿毒症在洛杉矶去世,年仅 46 岁。
音乐风格:人类极限的边界
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水晶般的精度:塔图姆的指法极快,且每一个音符的力度和清晰度都完美一致。他的快速跑动(Runs)被称为“装饰音的瀑布”。
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超前的和声思维:他在 30 年代使用的替代和声和频繁的转调,直接预告了 40 年代现代爵士乐(Bebop)的理论基础。
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绝对的独立性:他的左右手可以独立完成极其复杂的对位和节奏重组,这使得他在独奏时能展现出一个交响乐团般的层次感。
核心总结: 阿特·塔图姆是爵士乐界的“珠穆朗玛峰”。他证明了人类在钢琴这件乐器上所能达到的速度、逻辑与美感的极限平衡。
美学思考:对于追求结构精密度的设计师来说,塔图姆的音乐是“高阶拓扑结构”的听觉化呈现——在极高的复杂度中依然保持着完美的对称与逻辑。
The Red Onion Jazz Babies
The Red Onion Jazz Babies 并不是一个长久存在的巡演乐队,而是由 Gennett 唱片公司 在 1924 年至 1925 年间专门为录音而组建的一个“全明星”临时小组。
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活跃年份:1924年11月 – 1925年1月(主要录音期)
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录音地点:纽约
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风格:早期新奥尔良爵士 / 芝加哥时期小型合奏
核心成员:众星捧月
这支乐队的核心灵魂是 莉尔·哈丁·阿姆斯特朗 (Lil Hardin Armstrong),她不仅是钢琴手,也是当时路易斯·阿姆斯特朗的妻子。
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路易斯·阿姆斯特朗 (Louis Armstrong):短号(Cornet)。当时他刚离开芝加哥的奥利弗国王乐队,正处于从集体即兴向个人英雄主义转型的关键期。
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西德尼·贝谢 (Sidney Bechet):单簧管 / 高音萨克斯。爵士乐史上第一位伟大的木管乐器演奏家。
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莉尔·哈丁 (Lil Hardin):钢琴。她是乐队的组织者和作曲者之一。
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其他成员:包括长号手 Charlie Irvis,以及经常配合的班卓琴手 Buddy Christian。
艺术价值:火星撞地球
这支乐队最被乐评人津津乐道的,是 路易斯与贝谢的“双雄会”。
在 1920 年代的爵士乐中,合奏通常遵循严格的声部分配,但路易斯和贝谢都是极具侵略性的天才。在《Cake Walking Babies from Home》等曲目中,你可以听到两人之间那种充满火药味的对位即兴。路易斯的小号高亢嘹亮,贝谢的高音萨克斯则以狂野的颤音和宽广的音域回应,这种竞争感极大地推动了爵士乐从“合奏”向“独奏”进化的进程。
经典曲目推荐
如果你要为网站整理试听清单,以下五首是他们的核心作品(均录制于 1924-1925 年):
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《Cake Walking Babies from Home》:最著名的曲目,路易斯与贝谢火拼的经典。
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《Terrible Blues》:展现了早期蓝调在爵士乐中的深沉根源。
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《Santa Claus Blues》:极具时代色彩的轻松曲调。
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《Everybody Loves My Baby》:莉尔·哈丁的钢琴与路易斯的短号配合默契。
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《Texas Moaner Blues》。
King Oliver's Creole Jazz Band
1. 出生与逝世日期 1881年5月11日 – 1938年4月10日
2. 中文介绍
King Oliver(原名 Joseph Nathan Oliver)是爵士乐初创时期的关键导师,也是新奥尔良爵士乐(New Orleans Jazz)最伟大的旗手。作为 Louis Armstrong 的精神导师与恩师,他不仅确立了短号(Cornet)在早期爵士乐中的核心地位,更通过他对弱音器的创新使用,赋予了铜管乐器如人类般“说话”的能力。
新奥尔良的小号之王 (1900s–1917)
在爵士乐的摇篮新奥尔良,King Oliver 凭借其威猛的音色和绝对的领导力,继承了从 Buddy Bolden 传下来的“国王”(King)称号。他活跃在传奇的 Storyville 区,指挥着当时最顶尖的行进乐队和舞演乐团。他的演奏不仅是力量的象征,更是节奏与蓝调色彩的完美结合。
芝加哥盛世与“克里奥尔爵士乐团” (1918–1924)
1918年,随着大迁徙的浪潮,Oliver 前往芝加哥,并组建了著名的 King Oliver’s Creole Jazz Band。1922年,他写信给远在新奥尔良的徒弟 Louis Armstrong,邀请他加入乐团。两人在芝加哥形成的“双短号”对位(Cornet Duets)成了爵士乐史上的神话。他们录制的《Dippermouth Blues》等曲目,成为了新奥尔良集体即兴风格的巅峰录音,定义了早期爵士乐的审美标准。
晚年的悲剧与落幕 (1925–1938)
随着摇摆大乐团(Swing Era)的兴起,Oliver 那种强调集体即兴的风格逐渐显得“过时”。由于他性格固执,错过了多次商业良机(包括拒绝了后来让 Duke Ellington 成名的 Cotton Club 驻演邀请)。更不幸的是,严重的牙周病让他失去了演奏小号所必须的口型控制。他晚年在乔治亚州经营一家水果摊,甚至沦为台球厅的清洁工。1938年,这位曾经的爵士乐之王在贫困与寂寞中去世。
3. 乐评人专栏:被遗忘的“造物主”
作为乐评人,看 King Oliver 不能只看他的录音,更要看他为整个流派设定的基因代码。
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弱音器的魔术师:他是第一个把杯状弱音器、玻璃杯甚至浴缸塞子塞进号口的人。通过改变气流,他让短号发出了“哇哇”(Wa-wa)的哭笑声。这种“拟人化”的演奏方式,让爵士乐彻底脱离了欧洲古典铜管乐的刻板,注入了黑人灵歌的灵魂。
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甘为人梯的胸怀:如果没有 Oliver 的提携,Louis Armstrong 可能只是新奥尔良码头的一个普通乐手。他在芝加哥给予了徒弟最大的展示空间,甚至在双小号对位中甘愿担任支撑性的二号位。这种艺术上的慷慨,促成了爵士乐从“集体即兴”向“个人英雄主义”的跨越。
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悲剧性的纯粹:Oliver 的晚年是爵士乐史上最令人心碎的篇章。他是一个拒绝向商业潮流妥协的古板匠人。当你听他那些略显陈旧的录音时,请记住,那是爵士乐最原始、最纯净的泥土气息,没有后来的修饰,只有最诚实的摇摆。
核心总结: King Oliver 是爵士乐的圣施洗约翰。他开辟了道路,并在约旦河中为后来的天才们“洗礼”。他是那个亲手将火焰传递下去,自己却在黑暗中慢慢熄灭的人。
乐评人私语: 听《Dippermouth Blues》时,留意那个标志性的“Oh, play it!”呐喊。那是爵士乐初创时的生命力。King Oliver 虽没赶上最好的时代,但没有他,我们就没有后来的整个爵士盛世。
Original Dixieland Jazz Band
Biography
Jazz band consisting of five New Orleans musicians, founded in Chicago in 1916. On February 26, 1917 they recorded the first jazz record ever for the Victor Talking Machine Company, which was released in May, 1917. Soon after their first release, the Original Dixieland Jass Band changed their name to Original Dixieland Jazz Band. In 1918 they came to be the very first ever jazz band to perform in Europe. Band remained active till 1925.
The five original members of the Original Dixieland Jazz Band were:
[a326830] (cornet and director)
[a326853] (trombone)
[a326793] (clarinet)
[a412532] (piano)
[a326844] (drums)
Also known as: (Original Dixieland) Jazz Band, D. J., Die Original Dixieland Jass-Band, Dix. Jazz Band, Dixie Jazz Band, Dixieland Band, Dixieland Jass Band, Dixieland Jazz Band, Dr. Dixieland Jazz Band, Eddie Edwards Original Dixieland Jazz Band, J. B. LaRocca, Jimmy Larocca's Original Dixieland Jazz Band, L'Original "Jazz" De Dixie, Nick La Rocca And His Original Dixieland Jazz Band, Nick La Rocca And The Original Dixieland Band, Nick La Rocca And The Original Dixieland Jazz Band, Nick LaRocca And The Original Dixieland Band, O. D. J. B., O.D. J. B., O.D.J.B., O.J.D.B., ODJB, Odjb, Or. Dix. Jazzband, Or. Dixieland Jazzband, Orginal Dixieland Band, Orig. Dix. Jazzband, Orig. Dixiel. Jazz Band, Orig. Dixieland, Orig. Dixieland Band, Orig. Dixieland JB, Orig. Dixieland Jazz Band, Orig. Dixieland Jazzband, Orig. Dixiland, Orig. Dixiland Jazzband, Original Dixie Land, Original Dixie Land Jazz Band, Original Dixieland "Jass" Band, Original Dixieland "Jazz" Band, Original Dixieland 'Jass' Band, Original Dixieland <<Jass>> Band, Original Dixieland <<Jazz>> Band, Original Dixieland Band, Original Dixieland Five, Original Dixieland Jass Band, Original Dixieland Jassband, Original Dixieland Jazz Band The, Original Dixieland Jazz Band, The, Original Dixieland Jazz Bands, Original Dixieland Jazz-Band, Original Dixieland Jazzband, Original Dixieland Orchestra, Original Dixieland ‘Jass’ Band, Original Dixiland, Original Jazz-Band Dixieland, Original The Dixieland Jazz Band, Ortginal Dixie Land, The Dixie-Land Jazz Band, The O.D.J.B., The Orig. Dixieland Jazz Band, The Original Dixie Land Jass Band, The Original Dixieland Band, The Original Dixieland Five, The Original Dixieland Five (Original Dixieland Jazz Band), The Original Dixieland Jass Band, The Original Dixieland Jazz Band, The Original Dixieland Jazzband, Ориджинел Диксиленд Джасс Бэнд п/у Н. Ла Рокка, ディキシーランド・ジャズ
Members: Bobby Hackett, Jack Lesberg, Frank Signorelli, Max Kaminsky, Eddie Condon, Henry Vaniselli, Arthur Seaberg, Larry Shields, Don Parker, Nick LaRocca, Tony Sbarbaro, Eddie Edwards, Bob Casey, Gene Schroeder, Wild Bill Davison, Emile Christian, Henry Ragas, J. Russel Robinson, Bret Gowens, Teddy Roy, Billy Jones (11), Tony Spargo
Links:
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Original_Dixieland_Jass_Band
- http://www.odjb.com/
- http://www.redhotjazz.com/odjb.html
- https://adp.library.ucsb.edu/names/105432
请补充中文详细介绍和中文乐评
















